Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) Biology Practice Test

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What is the outcome of DNA replication?

  1. New DNA molecules are being produced

  2. Old DNA molecules are repaired

  3. Differences in DNA are synthesized

  4. RNA is integrated into the DNA strands

The correct answer is: New DNA molecules are being produced

The outcome of DNA replication is the production of new DNA molecules. This process involves the duplication of the original DNA strand, resulting in two identical copies of the DNA. Each daughter DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand, following the semi-conservative model of replication. This ensures that each new cell receives an accurate and complete set of genetic information during cell division. The other options do not accurately depict the process of DNA replication. For example, DNA replication does not focus on repairing old DNA molecules; that process is described as DNA repair. Regarding the synthesis of differences in DNA, that would suggest mutations or variations which do not occur during the standard replication process but can occur from various factors. Lastly, RNA integration is not a part of DNA replication; usually, RNA is involved in gene expression where it is synthesized from a DNA template. Thus, A accurately summarizes the primary result of DNA replication, highlighting the creation of new DNA molecules.

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