Massachusetts MCAS Biology Test 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

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What is the role of the chloroplast?

To conduct cellular respiration

To conduct photosynthesis in plant cells

The role of the chloroplast is primarily to conduct photosynthesis in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing light energy from the sun. This energy is used in the process of photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The chloroplasts are essential for producing the energy-rich compounds that plants need for growth and metabolism.

In addition to photosynthesis, chloroplasts also play a role in the synthesis of certain fatty acids and amino acids, as well as in the synthesis of some hormones. However, their most recognized function remains the conversion of sunlight to chemical energy in the form of glucose. This is fundamental not only for the plant itself but also for the broader ecosystem, as plants serve as primary producers in food chains, supporting other forms of life by providing necessary organic compounds.

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To store genetic material

To facilitate protein synthesis

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