Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) Biology Practice Test

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Prepare for the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) Biology Test. Ace your exam with flashcards and multiple-choice questions, all with helpful hints and explanations. Start studying today!

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What cellular component is indicative of a plant cell rather than an animal cell?

Cell membrane
Ribosome
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria

The correct answer is: Chloroplasts

The cellular component that is indicative of a plant cell rather than an animal cell is chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are specialized organelles that play a crucial role in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This capability is fundamental to the life of plants, allowing them to produce their own food and generate oxygen as a byproduct. In contrast, while both plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane, ribosomes, and mitochondria, these components are not exclusive to plant cells. The cell membrane surrounds all cells, ribosomes are present in both plant and animal cells for protein synthesis, and mitochondria are found in both types of cells as the site of aerobic respiration, providing energy. Chloroplasts, however, are unique to plant cells and some protists, setting them apart in terms of structure and function.