Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) Biology Practice Test

What is an example of competition in ecology?

1. Two eagles hunting the same prey

2. Birds nesting in the same tree

3. Two zebras fighting for water

4. A rabbit hiding from a fox

The correct answer is: Two zebras fighting for water

Competition in ecology refers to the struggle between organisms for the same resources in an ecosystem, such as food, water, or space. The chosen example of two zebras fighting for water accurately illustrates this concept as it highlights a direct interaction where both individuals are vying for the same limited resource, which in this case is water. In this scenario, both zebras face the pressure of accessing the resource, accentuating the competitive aspect of their relationship. This can lead to aggressive behaviors as each zebra attempts to secure what is essential for its survival. Other examples presented do not exemplify competition effectively. For instance, eagles hunting the same prey indicates predation rather than competition since one eagle may succeed in catching the prey while the other does not. Birds nesting in the same tree represents a use of habitat, which may not entail direct competition. Lastly, a rabbit hiding from a fox depicts a predator-prey relationship instead of competition since the rabbit is trying to avoid being eaten rather than competing for resources.